GENERAL HISTORY

The Symonds Street Cemetery is Auckland’s oldest municipal cemetery. Its first burial in 1841 was a 9 year old boy named William Mason.

Symonds Street (and by extension the Cemetery) was named after Captain William Cornwallis Symonds, although he is not buried there. Symonds was a friend of William Hobson and one of his closest and most effective officials.

William Cornwallis Symonds was one of the first Police Magistrates in New Zealand and Chief Magistrate of Auckland. In 1841 he was appointed Deputy Surveyor-General of New Zealand.

William Cornwallis Symonds was related to the General Cornwallis who surrendered at Yorktown during the American War of Independence. William’s brother Captain John Jermyn Symonds (1819-1883) also lived in Auckland; Symonds Street in Onehunga is named after him.

William Symonds intended to create a settlement on the Manukau Harbour at Cornwallis. The Maori name for that place was Karangahape and Karangahape Road (including what is now Lower Symonds street) was part of the route taken to reach the intended settlement.

*almost all information for the history of Symonds Street Cemetery site has been collected by the K Road historian Edward Bennett.

HISTORICAL TIMELINE

1842

Bishop Selwyn applies to Governor Hobson for land to use as a burial ground.

1842 July 20th

Hobson grants an eight acre plot to the east of Symonds Street to the Anglican Church.

1842 November 4th

An additional 3 Roods and 30 perches of land are granted to the Anglican Church.

1843 November 24th

One acre of land on the west side of Symonds street is granted to the Jewish Community as a burial ground.

1850

A wooden Mortuary Chapel is built in the Jewish Cemetery.

1852 August 16th

Five acres are granted to Bishop Pompallier for use as a Roman Catholic Cemetery.

1865

The Anglican Mortuary Chapel of the Holy Sepulchre is opened by Bishop Selwyn on Symonds Street opposite East Street on 27 August 1865.

1866

The Catholic Mortuary Chapel of St Francis de Sales is opened on the corner of Symonds and East Streets and blessed by Bishop Pompallier.

1869

April 8th: Three acres are granted to the Presbytarian Church on the west side of symonds street between the Jewish and Catholic areas.

1871

November: The “Act to Regulate Burials Near the City of Auckland 1871” is passed by Parliament to promote Public Health. However, nothing eventuates regarding Symonds Street Cemetery which continues to be managed by the five boards of trustees.

1872 May 11th

Three acres are granted for the use of the Wesleyan Church and others, not Anglican or Catholic or Jewish or Presbyterian. Located on the east side of Symonds Street, north of the Anglican area this is often referred to as the “General Section”

1874

Parliament passes an “Act to Provide for Closing Certain Burial Grounds 1874” This attempts to limit further burials at Symonds street to close family members of those already buried.

1876

Between 1876 and 1881 a total of 228 acres of vacant land close to the Whau River in West Auckland is reserved by the Crown as a site for a public cemetery. Eventually, 52 acres is set aside for what becomes Waikumete Cemetery.

1882

The wooden St Benedicts Church opens. This seated 1200 people and was probably the largest wooden church in the country at the time.

1885 March 9th

Mayor William Waddel opens the new walking bridge across Grafton or Cemetery Gully.

1886 March

The 1882 Cemeteries Act allowed local authorities to manage cemeteries and Waikumete Cemetery was opened in this month by Auckland City Council, for all new plots. Nevertheless, spouses, offspring and siblings could still be buried in Symonds Street Cemetery with those already buried there. There was no age restriction on those burials until the end of 1909.

1886 December 13th

St Benedicts Church is destroyed by fire.

1887 April 22nd

The replacement brick St Benedicts Church is opened.

1895

The Chapel of St Francis de Sales is dragged down Symonds Street by bullock teams and floated over to Devonport where it is relocated on the northern slope of Mt Victoria.

1904 October

Following a report about its structural worthiness the 1885 Grafton Bridge is closed and a small temporary bridge is constructed for public use. The Chapel of the Holy Sepulchre is moved to Grange Road in Mount Eden.

1905

The Jewish Community gifts the unused portion of their sector to the City Council. Immediately proposals are put forth to use this space for a Public Building such as a Bath House. The wooden Mortuary Chapel is relocated inside the remaining Jewish Area,

1906 September 16th

The old Grafton Bridge is demolished

1908

With the passing of the “Auckland (Symonds Street) Cemeteries Act, 1908” the cemeteries are formally closed to those under the age of fifty years as of 31 December 1909, along with the 1886 restriction on family. It was handed over to Auckland City Council as a Public Reserve.

1908

The wooden fence along the Symonds Street edge of the Anglican area is replaced by a granite wall with iron railings. A monumental Gothic Arch designed by Miss Mary Pulling is erected as the new entrance from Symonds Street.

1908

Construction starts on the third Grafton Bridge. Eight graves are disturbed and the bodies reinterred at Waikemete Cemetery.

1910 April 28th

The new Grafton Bridge is formally opened.

1910

The Tram shelter and public toilets are built

1919

Thomas Pearson, City Parks Superintendent, reorganises the Cemetery - in particular the two sites on the corner of Symonds street and Karangahape Road and Symonds street and East Street are laid out as parks with basalt walls, rockeries, lawns and seating.

1928

The Church of Christ Scientist Building is constructed on the corner of St Martins Lane and Symonds Street. The Neo-classical building is the only church adjacent to the cemetery which post-dates the closing of the burial ground and thus has no representatives buried therein.

1945

The great basalt rocks are removed from the Symonds Street Park. The lack of man power and budget constraints during the War period resulted in the rockeries becoming overgrown. These features are removed from several Auckland Parks and replaced by plain lawns and simpler shrubberies..

1952

The City Council erects a Ladies Rest Room in the Symonds street Park designed by Tibor Donner (1907-1993), the City Architect. The brick tool shed in the adjacent Presbytarian area was probably part of this project.

1954

The Jewish Centennial Memorial Hall by Albert and John Goldwater is opened.

1958

Irene Broun and Zara Mettam record 1,479 inscriptions from every discernible tombstone, referring to 1,874 graves. This was collated by what is now Auckland Council Libraries, added to the Library database of Symonds Street Cemetery burials and also published by the New Zealand Society of Genealogists.

1963

The “Reserves and Other Lands Disposal Act 1963” is passed which allows for the removal of monuments and bodies for Motorway Development.

1964

Construction of the Motorway commences which involves the disinterring and reinterring of 4100 bodies.

1968

The 1908 Arch is demolished

1968

The two Memorials are constructed, one in the Anglican and one in the Catholic area. Those bodies disturbed by the Motorway construction are reinterred beneath these memorials which display lists of those people able to be identified.